The California Air Resources Board (CARB), in conjunction with CALSTART, has adapted a visual representation of the beachhead strategy that aids in targeting its investments for medium- and heavy-duty zero-emission (ZE) and ZE-enabling vehicles and equipment. This white paper serves to further explain the detailed beachhead models and graphics published in CARB’s Appendix D: Long-Term Heavy-Duty Investment Strategy each year and will be updated on a periodic basis.

A previous version of this report was published in March 2022.