Zeroing in on Zero-Emission Trucks

Zeroing in on Zero-Emission Trucks highlights the continued increase in medium- and heavy-duty (MHD) zero-emission truck (ZET) deployments in the United States. This series provides a concise and current snapshot of ZET deployment statistics and the existing U.S. MHD truck market. These reports offer insights into key trends driving growth in ZET adoption, as well as opportunities to further accelerate this growth that can help inform policymakers, original equipment manufacturers, fleet owners, and financial stakeholders.   

Latest Market Update

Momentum continues to build according to the June 2025 Zeroing in on Zero-Emission Trucks (ZIO ZET) market update, which shows ongoing progress in the rollout of medium- and heavy-duty zero-emission trucks across the U.S. More than 52,500 zero-emission trucks (ZETs) are now on U.S. roads as of December 2024—a 23% increase since our last report. Seventeen states have deployed more than 1,000 ZETs, with Texas and Florida following California’s lead. The data shows promising growth in heavy-duty vehicle segments while highlighting areas that need more policy support and infrastructure investment. 

Adoption of ZETs maintained steady momentum in 2024 with 22,692 new ZET deployments, a 76% jump from 2023. Zero-emission cargo vans continue to be the dominant force in ZET adoption accounting for 89% of deployments. Meanwhile, ZE yard tractors have the greatest market share with 2.82% of the total yard tractor stock. These tractors face relatively few barriers to adoption and are ideal for fleets due to their low mileage duty cycles, quick return on investment, and controlled operating environment where infrastructure can be more easily installed and managed. 

California (7,684), Texas (5,009), and Florida (4,022) continue to lead in ZET deployments. The three states with the most dramatic growth in 2024 were Maryland (439%), Georgia (247%), and New Mexico (141%), highlighting the broadening geographic footprint of adoption.  

Despite growing interest in ZETs, several key barriers still hinder large-scale growth. Upfront costs and financing remain unaffordable to many fleets, infrastructure buildout remains underdeveloped, and policy uncertainty at both federal and state levels has created hesitation among fleets, OEMS, and infrastructure providers to invest in ZETs. 

To keep the pace of ZET deployments and meet the federal goal of 100% ZE-truck and bus sales by 2040 (with a 30% target by 2030), states and industry leaders should focus on:  

• Expanding vehicle and infrastructure incentives to help fleets reduce total cost of ownership 
• Accelerating infrastructure deployment through shared charging hubs, utility coordination, and make-ready programs 
• Creating innovative financing models like leasing solutions with residual value benchmarks, loan guarantees, or all-inclusive service models 
• Providing long-term policy certainty through regulation, market signals, and sustained public-private collaboration 

The report finds that states adopting holistic, layered strategies—combining incentives, regulations, planning, and economic development—are achieving outsized success. Supporting these efforts across all regions will be key to reaching national climate goals and realizing the economic and environmental benefits of zero-emission freight. 

Past Reports

Browse the links below for the full library of Zeroing in on ZETs reports and market updates.

Resources

Browse the links below for additional resources like fact sheets, blogs, publications, and more.